The NSHD recruited participants at birth in 1946 and has followed them at regular intervals since then, whereas the MWS recruited women in middle age. For 541 women who were participants in both studies, we used statistical measures of association
and agreement to compare self-reported MWS data on body size throughout life and reproductive history, obtained in middle age, to NSHD data measured or reported close to the relevant ages. Likely attenuation of estimates of linear disease-exposure associations due to the combined effects of random and systematic errors was quantified using regression dilution ratios (RDRs).
Results: Data from the two studies were very strongly correlated for current height, weight and body mass index, and age at menopause (Pearson r = 0.91-0.95), strongly correlated Compound Library for birth weight, parental heights, current waist and hip circumferences and waist-to-height ratio (r = 0.67-0.80), and moderately correlated for age at menarche and waist-to-hip ratio (r = 0.52-0.57).
Self-reported categorical body size and clothes size data for various ages were moderately to strongly associated with anthropometry collected at the relevant times (Spearman correlations 0.51-0.79). Overall agreement between the studies was also good for most quantitative variables, although all exhibited both random and systematic Kinase Inhibitor Library purchase reporting error. RDRs ranged from 0.66 to 0.86 for most variables (slight to moderate attenuation), except weight and body mass index (1.02 and 1.04, respectively; little or no attenuation), and age at menarche, birth weight and waist-to-hip ratio (0.44, 0.59 and 0.50, respectively; substantial attenuation).
Conclusions: This study provides
some evidence that self-reported data on certain anthropometric and reproductive factors may be adequate for describing disease-exposure associations in large epidemiological studies, provided that the effects of reporting errors are quantified and the results are interpreted with caution.”
“Objective: Evaluation of 3 different kinds of buy KU-55933 autologous substitutes for simple myringoplasty.
Study Design: Retrospective review of myringoplasty cases.
Patients: A total of 117 patients (52 women with 52 ears and 65 men with 65 ears) with an average age of 25.6 years (range, 12-51 yr) were examined. Forty-two cases exhibited large perforations, and 75 exhibited small perforations.
Intervention: Myringoplasty with temporal fascia, tragus perichondrium, or tragus cartilage-perichondrium composite grafts were randomly used in this comparative study. All the 117 operations were performed by a single surgeon.
Main Outcome Measures: Otoscopic findings as assessed by a hearing examination using a quad-frequency pure-tone average air-bone gap.
Results: Recurrent defects were not observed in the small perforation group repaired with autologous substitutes. The graft acceptance rate in this group was 100%.