Three minor QTLs were

Three minor QTLs were see more identified on chromosomes 3, 10 and 11, and two major QTLs on chromosomes 1 and 5, respectively. QTL on chromosome 5, designated qBBR5, had the strongest effect on BB resistance, explaining approximately 37% of the phenotypic variance. Using the same RIL population, we also mapped QTLs for agronomic traits including plant height (PH), heading date (HD), plant yield (PYD) and PYD component traits. A total of 21 QTLs were identified, of which four were detected for PH, six for HD, three for panicle number per plant (PNPP), one

for spikelets per panicle (SPP), six for 1000-grain weight (TGW) and one for PYD. qPH1 (a QTL for PH) was found in the same interval as qBBR1 for BB resistance, and qHD11 for HD and qBBR11 for BB resistance also shared a similar interval. Additionally, BB resistance was significantly correlated with PH or HD in the RIL population. VX-770 mouse This suggests that the resistance genes may have pleiotropic effects on, or close linkage to, genes controlling PH or HD. These results will help deduce the resistance mechanisms of the novel resistance gene(s) and provide the basis for cloning them and using them in marker-assisted breeding. “
“Pea plants (Pisum sativum) showing symptoms of stunting, shoot proliferation and leaf chlorosis were observed in 2008 during routine greenhouse cultivation of garden pea cultivars from commercially obtained seeds. The disease incidence occurred in over

25% of grown plants. To confirm phytoplasma infection, fresh tissue samples, from symptomatic and asymptomatic peas, were collected, and total DNA was extracted, using a modified CTAB method. Nested-PCR assay was carried out with specific phytoplasma 16S rDNA primers: P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2. The product, of expected size 1.2 kb, was restricted with 6 different endonucleases, and on the basis of obtained RFLP profile, phytoplasma was identified as a 16Sr XII-A ribosomal subgroup member. For further differentiation, the nucleotide sequence

of the tuf gene encoding a transcription factor was analysed. This is Fenbendazole the first report of phytoplasma affecting pea plants. “
“Citrus cachexia is an economically important disease of citrus hosts caused by specific variants of Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) that are usually referred to as Citrus cachexia viroid (CCaVd). Eight cachexia-associated HSVd isolates were collected from six citrus growing areas of China, where citrus cachexia had not been reported previously. Forty-seven independent cDNA clones were used for genetic diversity and phylogenetic analysis. There were no sequence variant-cultivar correlation and no distinct regional specificity among or within the cachexia-associated HSVd populations analysed. Three clusters consisting of three major HSVd variants were identified by phylogenetic analysis, suggesting that most Chinese isolates contain a mixture of cachexia and non-cachexia variants.

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