Moreover, healthy controls’ visual span size increased as target discriminability or distractor

familiarity increased. This modulation of visual span size, however, was reduced or not observed among patients. The implications of the present findings, with regard to previously reported visual search deficits, and other functional and structural abnormalities associated with schizophrenia, are discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The current study demonstrates that adenovirus virus-associated RNA (VA) is recognized www.selleckchem.com/products/mk-4827-niraparib-tosylate.html by retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), a cytosolic pattern recognition receptor, and activates RIG-I downstream signaling, leading to the induction of type I interferons (IFNs), similarly to Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA. Further analysis revealed that adenovirus infection leads to biphasic type I IFN induction at 12 to 24 h and 48 to 60 h postinfection. The later induction coincided with VA expression and was reduced by virus UV inactivation or RIG-I silencing. These results suggest that VA-mediated RIG-I activation is involved in activating innate immune responses during adenovirus infection.”
“Hemianopic patients show a contralesional bisection bias, but it is unclear whether this is a consequence of their field loss or related to extrastriate damage. One observation cited against the former C646 mouse is

that hemianopic bisection bias does not vary with the degree of central (macular)

sparing; however, it is unclear to what extent central sparing should affect this bias. Our goal was to determine the effect of central sparing on line bisection biases from field loss alone, with two approaches. First, we studied 12 healthy subjects viewing lines under conditions of virtual hemianopia, created by a gaze-contingent technique. Second, we calculated the effect predicted by a visuospatial model of the effect of central magnification on line representations in the visual system. Our results first replicated the contralateral line bisection bias with hemianopia, confirming that this can be generated by visual hemifield loss in the absence of extrastriate damage. Central sparing had only a modest effect on hemianopic bisection bias, with only slightly Verteporfin price less bias with 10 degrees compared to 2 degrees of central sparing. In accordance with these empiric data, computing the center of mass for line representations in our model showed only a shallow decline in bisection bias as central sparing increased from 0 to 10 degrees. We conclude that contralateral bisection bias only decreases slightly with central sparing, and that the absence of a statistically significant effect of central sparing in patients cannot be taken as evidence against a visual origin of contralateral hemianopic line bisection bias. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.