Material and methods. A literature search in the English

language using the PubMed/Medline database for the MeSH terms “colorectal cancer”, “surveillance”, and “endoscopy”, with focus on sporadic CRC, excluding CRC developed on a hereditary or inflammatory bowel disease background. selleck compound Focus on results from the past 5 years was applied. Results. Recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized trials and prospective studies made the backbone of the article, supported by population-based findings and recent reports on tumor biology. Hard evidence to support a survival benefit from endoscopy alone is lacking. Definitions of “synchronous”, “interval”, and “metachronous” cancers are not uniform and hampers comparison of studies. The number

of metachronous cancers (usually 2-4%) that develop after curative CRC surgery is small, and better patient-tailored surveillance could improve the diagnostic yield. Compliance with endoscopy is low compared to other modalities. Age and socio-demographic factors influence on the surveillance coverage and need to be addressed in any given program. The majority of local recurrences occur within the first 3 years after surgery independent of stage, and microsatellite instable (MSI) tumors appear to be at higher risk. Conclusions. Endoscopy in surveillance after curative surgery for CRC is a resource demanding procedure. A tailored approach according selleck to factors associated with an increased risk for metachronous cancer/local recurrence would increase efficiency.”
“BACKGROUND Patients carrying toss-of-function SCN5A mutations linked to Brugada syndrome (BrS) or progressive cardiac conduction disease (PCCD) are at risk of sudden cardiac death at a young age. The penetrance and expressivity of the disease are highly variable, and new toots for risk stratification

are needed.\n\nOBJECTIVES We aimed to establish whether the type of SCN5A mutation Ilomastat correlates with the clinical and electrocardiographic phenotype.\n\nMETHODS We studied BrS or PCCD probands and their relatives who carded a SCN5A mutation. Mutations were divided into 2 main groups: missense mutations (M) or mutations leading to premature truncation of the protein (T). The M group was subdivided according to available biophysical properties: M mutations with : 90% (M(inactive)) or > 90% (M(inactive)) peak I(Na) reduction were analyzed separately.\n\nRESULTS The study group was composed of 147 individuals with 32 different mutations. No differences in age and sex distribution were found between the groups. Subjects carrying a T mutation had significantly more syncopes than those with an M(active) mutation (19 of 75 versus 2 of 35, P = .03). Also, mutations associated with drastic peak I(Na) reduction (T and M(inactive) mutants) had a significantly longer PR interval, compared with M(active) mutations. All other electrocardiographic parameters were comparable.