In Phase

I (3 months) 209 men received the SHED-IT Weight Loss Program. In Phase II (12 months) 92 men who lost 4 kg or more were randomised to either (i) a maintenance group who received the 6-month, gender-tailored SHED-IT Weight Loss Maintenance Program, which included no face-to-face selleck screening library contact (n = 47), or (ii) a self-help control group (n = 45). Randomisation was stratified by weight loss (4 kg-7.4 kg, bigger than = 7.5 kg) and BMI ( smaller than 30 kg/m(2), bigger than = 30 kg/m(2)). Assessments occurred at ‘study entry’ (start of Phase I), ‘baseline’ (start of Phase II), ’6 months’ (post-test) and will occur at ’12 months’ (follow-up; primary endpoint). The primary outcome is weight change in Phase II (i.e. from ‘baseline’ at 12 months after randomization). Secondary outcomes include waist circumference (umbilicus and narrowest), blood pressure, body composition, objectively measured physical activity, sedentary time, portion size, dietary intake, quality of life, depressive HSP990 order symptoms, and behavioural cognitions. Costing data will be collected for cost-effectiveness analysis.

Generalised linear mixed models (intention-to-treat) will assess outcomes for treatment (maintenance vs. control), time (baseline, 6-month and 12-month) and the treatment-by-time interaction. This will be the first study to evaluate a male-only, gender-targeted weight loss maintenance program. Results will provide evidence regarding feasible and theoretically-driven obesity treatments for men with potential for long-term impact and Widespread dissemination. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neuro-axonal damage is a well known sequelae of MS pathogeneses. Consequently, our aim was to test whether the similar

to 20% of patients with MS exhibiting a clinically benign disease course also have minimal neural dysfunction as reflected by the global concentration of their MR imaging marker NAA.\n\nMATERIALS AND METHODS: Q(NAA) was obtained with nonlocalizing whole-head (1)H-MR spectroscopy in SBC-115076 ic50 43 patients with benign RRMS (30 women, 13 men; mean age, 44.7 +/- 7.3 years of age) with 21.0 +/- 4.4 years (range, 15-35 years) of disease duration from the first symptom and an EDSS score of 1.9 (range, 0-3). Q(NAA) was by divided by the brain volume (from MR imaging segmentation) to normalize it into WBNAA. All participants gave institutional review board-approved written informed consent, and the study was HIPAA compliant.\n\nRESULTS: The patients’ lesion load was 12.2 +/- 7.7 cm(3). Their 8.3 +/- 1.8 mmol/L WBNAA was 35% lower than that in controls (P<.001). Individual average loss rates (absolute loss compared with controls divided by disease duration) clustered around 0.22 +/- 0.09 mmol/L/year (1.7%/year, assuming monotonic decline).