In addition, overexpressing sra in the MBs, and transiently overexpressing sra during adulthood, inhibits male courtship. Our results indicate that a specific amount of sra in the MBs is required for wildtype male courtship activity. NeuroReport 21:985-988 (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“Vision is undoubtedly important for navigation although not essential as blind individuals outperform their blindfolded seeing counterparts in a variety of navigational tasks. It is believed that the blind’s superior performance is because of their efficient use of proprioceptive signals

and environmental cues such as temperature and echolocation. We hypothesize that by limiting these JQ-EZ-05 concentration cues, blind individuals selleck chemicals will lose their advantage compared with controls in spatial navigation tasks. We therefore evaluated the performance of blind and sighted individuals in small-scale, tactile multiple T mazes. Our results show that blindfolded sighted controls outperformed blind

participants in the route-learning tasks. This suggests that, contrary to indoor large-scale spaces, navigational skills inside small-scale spaces benefit from visual experience. NeuroReport 21:989-992 (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“RNA editing is a posttranscriptional process which critically modulates the function of several neurotransmitter receptors regulating mood, anxiety, learning, and memory. Data from several postmortem studies have shown increased 5-hydroxytryptamine-2C receptor RNA editing in mood disorders and suicide, and therefore the 5-hydroxytryptamine-2C receptor might be expected to have reduced signal transduction in these patients. In this study, we have tested the hypothesis that the expression levels of the enzymes which catalyze RNA editing, adenosine deaminase acting on RNA 1 (ADAR1) and

ADAR2, are also abnormal in suicide. Gene expression was measured in the dorsolateral prefrontal OICR-9429 cell line cortex of individuals from the Stanley Consortium Brain series, which includes patients with schizophrenia (n=15), major depression (n=15), bipolar disorder (n=15), and a comparison group (n=14). Of the psychiatric patients, 20 were suicide victims. ADAR1 expression was found to be significantly increased in major depressive suicide victims compared with patients who did not commit suicide. Neither ADAR1 nor ADAR2 expression was altered in any of the other diagnostic groups. These data indicate that ADAR1 could play a role in the pathophysiology of suicide in patients with major depression. NeuroReport 21:993-997 (C) 2010 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.”
“High-alexithymic individuals are characterized by an impaired ability to identify and communicate emotions whereas low-alexithymic individuals have a wide-ranging ability to deal with emotions.