Cox proportional hazards model allows analyzing the effect of several risk factors on survival and is useful to control for confounders due to multivariate analysis. Therefore, the results obtained from Cox proportional Selleck INCB018424 hazards model seems to be more reliable. From the overall findings, it can be concluded that at least 60% of
resin composite restorations would survive more than 10 years when proper materials are applied correctly. In addition, appropriate maintenance policies based on MI concepts are able to increase the longevity of resin composite restorations, and may result in the enhancement of general health of the patients. The authors wish to thank Prof. Martin Tyas, University of Melbourne, for assistance in preparation of the manuscript. “
“The population of Japanese over 65 years of age was 28,980,000 in 2009; however, it is estimated that it will rise to 35,900,000 by 2020 due Selleck Regorafenib to a rapidly aging society [1]. As a result of a joint epidemiological investigation, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the National Institute on Aging (NIA) reported that tooth loss was a risk factor for Alzheimer’s
disease [2]. Similar results have been reported by many researchers [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9] and [10]. Although the relationship between tooth loss, dementia, quality of life (QOL), and health has been emphasized, the evidence is insufficient. In
Japan, the program for the promotion of national health in the 21st century (Health Japan 21) has set dental health improvement Inositol monophosphatase 1 and tooth loss prevention as targets to prevent dementia and a bed-ridden state, and to achieve healthy longevity. It has been reported that the trigeminal nerve innervates the periodontal ligament and masticatory muscle, and that when trigeminal nerve sensory information is attenuated due to multiple tooth loss, higher brain activities, such as learning and memory, are inhibited [11], [12] and [13]. The deterioration of the occlusal force and the shift of mandibular position are directly related to decreases in the masticatory muscle function, and destruction of the α–γ coupling mechanism may be related to senile dementia [14]. The purpose of this article was not only the diagnosis of dementia and Alzheimer’s disease but also the evaluation of the brain function. Therefore, it has been necessary to assess the influence of tooth loss and denture use on brain function activity. Examinations of brain function activity are roughly classified into an electrophysiological method and a method depending on blood flow movement. The former includes electroencephalogram (EEG), magnetoencephalography (MEG), and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS).