(C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3538940]“
“Purpose: To retrospectively determine the frequency and importance of a small amount of isolated pelvic free fluid seen at multidetector computed tomography (CT) in male patients who have blunt trauma without an identifiable cause.

Materials and Methods: Institutional review board approval was obtained, and the requirement for informed consent was waived for this HIPAA-compliant

study. One thousand male patients with blunt trauma who underwent abdominopelvic CT see more at a level 1 trauma center between January 2004 and June 2006 were entered into this study. The CT images of the 1000 patients were reviewed independently by two abdominal radiologists. CT scan assessment included evaluation for presence or absence of pelvic free fluid, any traumatic or nontraumatic cause of the free fluid, pelvic free fluid attenuation and volume measurements, and determination

of the location of pelvic free fluid. Interobserver AZD6094 nmr agreement was determined with kappa statistics, and the Student t test was used to assess differences in the mean volume and mean attenuation of the pelvic free fluid in the patients with and those without injury.

Results: Pelvic free fluid was identified in 10.2% (102 of 1000) of patients. A small amount of isolated pelvic free fluid without any identifiable cause was identified in 4.8% (48 of 1000) of patients by reader 1 and in 5.0% (50 of 1000) of patients by reader 2 (k value, 0.76) and was located at or below the level of the third sacral vertebral body in all 49 patients with isolated pelvic free fluid. The mean volume and mean attenuation of the small amount of isolated pelvic free fluid were 2.3 mL +/- 1.5 (standard deviation) and 8.1 HU +/- 3.9, respectively. None of the patients in this group had an undiagnosed bowel and/or mesenteric injury. Conclusion: In male patients with blunt trauma, a small amount of isolated pelvic free fluid with attenuation equal to

that of simple fluid and located in the deep GDC 0032 cell line region of the pelvis likely is not a sign of bowel and/or mesenteric injury. (C) RSNA, 2010″
“She clinical significance of de novo post-transplant anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSA) was evaluated using 4241 serum samples collected between 2000 and 2007 from 597 renal transplant recipients. Patients transplanted before December 1996 (n = 77) were included in the historic group and those transplanted thereafter (n = 520) were included in the study group. All recipients were negative for DSA before transplantation (Tx). Post-Tx, de novo DSA were detected in 92/597 (15.4%) patients, while 196 had third party anti-HLA antibodies (DSA-negative). DSA were more frequent in the historic group (33.8%) compared with the study group (12.7%) (P < 0.001). Anti-HLA class-II DSA predominated in both groups (84.6% vs. 69.7%).