Based on quasistatic approximation and Kerr nonlinearity, we obtain the local electric field in a certain position of the gold nanotube as a function of the incident field. In addition to the single OB, the appearance of double OB and optical tristability are also reported. It LDK378 manufacturer is shown that both wavelength and wall thickness can dramatically affect the optical bistable behavior
of gold nanotube. Both the critical wavelength and the region of double OB decrease obviously with increasing the wall thickness. Thus double OB only appears in the thinner gold tube and is absent as the wall thickness exceeds the critical value. Furthermore, all these OB characteristics have been explained by the local field enhancement effect. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3142395]“
“Background and aims: Evidence suggests that fructose and sweetened beverages may be a risk factor for obesity and type 2 diabetes, but the role of sweetened fruit juices in glucose disturbances has been minimally explored. The aim of this study was to examine the association of total fructose, fresh fruit and sweetened fruit juice intake with glucose tolerance homeostasis in Japanese-Brazilians.
Methods and check details results: A total of 475 men and 579 women aged
>= 30 years were evaluated in a cross-sectional population-based survey with a standardized protocol including a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (WHO criteria). Habitual food consumption was obtained using a validated food frequency questionnaire for Japanese-Brazitians. After adjustments for potential confounding variables, the odds ratio (OR; 95%Cl) for impaired glucose tolerance was 2.1 (1.0-4.5; P for trend = 0.05) for the highest as compared to the lowest tertile intake of total fructose and 2.3 (1.1-5.1; P for trend Dinaciclib mw = 0.05) for the highest as compared to the lowest tertile intake of sweetened fruit juices.
Conclusion: Our results showed that high intakes of dietary fructose and sweetened fruit
juices, but not whole fresh fruits, were associated with impaired glucose tolerance among genetically susceptible individuals. (C) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: This longitudinal study examines the extent to which global meaning, existential distress in terms of demoralization, and depression are predicted by tumor stage (UICC stages 0II vs III/IV), palliative treatment, and physical problems in cancer patients.
Methods: N=270 cancer patients were studied at baseline (T1, response rate: 41%) and after 3 months (T2) (N5178, 72%). The following standardized self-report measures were used: Demoralization Scale, Life Attitude Profile-Revised, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, NCCN DT (physical problems list).