20 Implementation and administrative costs were 22% of the total

20 Implementation and administrative costs were 22% of the total expenditure. The success selleck chemicals of the program was attributed to its cultural appropriateness and time invested in recruitment. The potential benefit that can be attributed to this model of care can be appreciated upon recognition that 14% of the women in the world reside in rural India. Latin America and the Caribbean Incidence (age-standardized rate [ASR], 29.2/100,000) and mortality rates (ASR, 13.6/100,000) of cervical cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) are high compared with other regions in the world, with the exception of Africa.13 Cervical cancer mortality rates have remained almost unchanged between 1975 and 1990 in the Americas, with the exceptions of Canada and the United States.

In 2000, it was estimated that 77,291 cases and 30,570 deaths occurred among women, accounting for roughly 17% and 13.6% of total cancer cases and deaths, excluding skin cancers.6 LAC countries have not achieved the requirements of an organized screening program, and offer opportunistic screening in urban areas, usually through public family planning and reproductive health care facilities or private practices. Among the countries reporting cytologic coverage within the last 3 years, El Salvador exhibits the lowest rate (19% in 1999) whereas Puerto Rico the highest (72% in 2002). Only Chile and Cuba have national data for follow-up of positive screening results with a performance of over 90%. Utilization of immediate in-office loop electrosurgical excision procedure treatment of high-grade or persistently positive low-grade lesions was found to reduce the loss to follow-up rate in Honduran demonstration projects by 20.

5% compared with the standard multistep model of care.21 United States Despite state-of-the-art technology and informatics in urban locations, incidence and mortality rates are higher among minority women, especially in rural areas and among recent immigrants. Between the years 1998 and 2002, 60,000 diagnoses of cervical cancer were made, with age-adjusted incidence rates of 8.5 among white women, 13.5 among African American women, and 14.8 among Hispanic women.22 African American women may lack access to screening and treatment, whereas Latinas face cultural and language barriers. Thirteen percent of incident cancers were caused by failure of follow-up.

National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection programs have enrolled only 12% to 15% of eligible women. Elucidating the root causes of these disparities continues to be confounded by the interaction of behavioral, social, economic, and environmental demographics, such as poor health literacy, limited transportation, and mistrust of the care provider.23 Dacomitinib Endometrial Cancer Cancer of the uterine corpus is the most common pelvic gynecologic malignancy in developed countries, with wide variation in incidence globally.24 Approximately 199,000 cases of uterine cancer were estimated worldwide in 2002.

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