2% and 68.3% for smoking nic cigarettes. After smoking the denic cigarettes, subjects�� venous plasma nicotine levels remained PD173955? very low, whereas after smoking nic cigarettes, plasma nicotine levels increased. The mean �� SE data are shown in Figure 1. The correlation coefficients between mood and venous plasma nicotine before and after smoking were determined for all of the volunteers. The minor increases in plasma nicotine with denic smoking (before and after) and craving gave a nonsignificant correlation coefficient r = ?.282. The larger increase in plasma nicotine with nic smoking (before and after) and craving change gave a significantly larger correlation coefficient r = ?.641 (p < .01). There was no correlation between plasma nicotine levels and wakefulness, ranging from r = .

107 (ns) for denic, r = .071 (ns) for nic, and r = .074 (ns) for combined cigarette smoking. Striatal Dopamine Release Following Denic Cigarette Smoking When using an uncorrected statistical threshold, smoking denic cigarettes reduced the BPND of [11C]raclopride primarily in the right striatum, as illustrated in Figure 3 (p (unc) = .001, extent threshold k = 0 voxel). Note that the right side of the volunteers�� coronal images is on the left. The reduced BPND included the right caudate (x, y, z coordinates, in mm 8, 8, 10; cluster size = 24 mm3) and the right lentiform nucleus of the putamen (30, ?16, 8; cluster size = 16 mm3). The coordinates indicate the region was very close to the right insula, as illustrated in the lower right coronal section of Figure 3. In contrast, there was no effect in the left hemisphere.

Figure 3. Smoking denicotinized cigarettes increases brain striatal dopamine release. Smoking denic cigarettes significantly reduced the BPND of [11C]raclopride only in the right striatum ([?8, 8, 10], [?30, ?16, 8] radiological convention). … Striatal Dopamine Release Following Nic Cigarette Smoking Smoking nic cigarettes reduced the BPND of [11C]raclopride in both left and right striatum, as illustrated in Figure 4 (P false discovery rate (FDR) = .04, extent threshold k = 32 voxels) with a very strict statistical criterion. This included the left hemisphere, the caudate (?14, 12, 14; cluster size = 4,616 mm3; ?16, ?2, 20; cluster size = 3,504 mm3), putamen (?16, 10, ?6; ?22 0, ?6; cluster 4,616 mm3), and nucleus accumbens (?13.6, 9.8, ?8; ?12.7, 11.

6, ?8; cluster size = 368 mm3). In the right hemisphere, nic tobacco smoking reduced the BPND in the right putamen (20, 20, 0; 28, 6, ?4; cluster size = 3,504 mm3), and claustrum (32, 4, 8; cluster size = 3,504 mm3). Maximum venous plasma nicotine levels after AV-951 smoking nic cigarettes had a negative correlation with [11C]raclopride binding only in the left caudate nucleus (?16, ?2, 20; r = ?.543, p < .05). Note that nic tobacco smoking had a lower BPND in the left than the right hemisphere, as illustrated in the bar graph in Figure 5. Figure 4.