Treatment with AOM1 (150 μg/ml) fully inhibited cell migration suggesting that blockade of integrin binding site is sufficient to inhibit cell migration to OPN. Figure 2 OPN selleck screening library act as a chemotactic factor in human cells lines VX-680 expressing OPN receptors. A-C

Using flowcytometry expression of OPN receptor, mainly CD44v6 and αvβ3 was assessed in series of human cell lines. Three cell types found to have greater expression of one or both receptors. These lines include JHH4 hepatocellular (A) carcinoma, MSTO211H mesothelioma (B) and MDA-MB435 melanoma cells (C). D-F Migration assay provided functional relevance for expression of OPN receptors in the above cell lines. Using transwell, each cell line was added to the top chamber and its migration towards OPN was evaluated. In addition to tumor cells, we investigated expression of OPN receptors in human PBMCs SBE-��-CD cost (peripheral blood mononuclear cells; Figure 3A). Flowcytometry data indicated expression of αvβ3 and to a lesser extent CD44v6 in the entire human PBMCs (Figure 3B). Further gating on populations of granulocytes and monocytes (GM) vs. lymphocytes showed a greater expression of both receptors in GM compared to lymphocyte subset (Figure 3C). The migration assay supported flowcytometry data

since only GM, but not lymphocytes, migrated towards OPN (Figure 3D). Overall, and consistent with published reports [37], we have provided receptor expression and functional data further supporting a role for OPN in tumor growth via affecting both cancer cells and stroma. Figure 3 CD44v6 and αvβ3 are highly expressed in granulocyte and monocyte but not lymphocyte subpopulation of hPBMCs. A Representative side scatter vs. forward scatter plot of hPBMCs representing populations of lymphocytes (L), granulocytes (G) and monocytes (M). B&C Expression

of OPN receptors (αvβ3 (B) and CD44v6 (D)) was measured medroxyprogesterone in hPBMCs and was evaluated in L vs. GM subsets. D Transwell migration assay in L vs. GM subset indicated that only the latter is capable of migrating toward OPN thus providing a functional relevance of expression of receptors. OPN is highly enriched in a murine model of NSCLC In addition to human cells we also analyzed mouse cell lines to identify a preclinical model to test efficacy of AOM1 with specific focus on lung tumors. OPN has been shown to be highly enriched in lung tumors [38]. Surgical removal of primary lung tumors in patients results in a significant reduction in levels of OPN in plasma further indicating a role for OPN as a biomarker of tumor progression in NSCLC [39]. Consistent with these findings, a mass spectrometry method was developed to quantify three different isoforms of OPN (a, b, and c) in plasma samples obtained from NSCLC patients and healthy individuals.