Statistical analysis Pearson’s Chi-Square test or Fisher’s Exact test were used, when appropriate, to evaluate associations between the variables. The Odds Everolimus Ratio (OR) and the 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated for each variable. A multivariate logistic regression model was also developed using stepwise regression (forward selection) to compare the predictive power for modulation of different factors. Enter limit and remove limit were p = 0.10 and p = 0.15, respectively. The assessment of interactions

between significant investigation variables was taken into account when developing the multivariate model. Multivariate models based on regression tree analysis were explored to establish the most discriminative www.selleckchem.com/products/lgk-974.html combination of variables to identify MSI-H. Recursive partitioning programs build classification or regression models of a very general structure using a 2-stage procedure; the resulting models can be represented as binary trees. Performance characteristics, accuracy, sensitivity,

specificity, positive (PPV) and negative (NPV) predictive values and areas under the curves (AUC) were evaluated with respect to the presence of MSI–H on tumor specimen by computing Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. The SPSS®(20.0) statistical program was used for all the analyses. Results Patients 117 early onset CRC cases were recruited in the study and were categorized in three groups: Group A, 70 cases with CRC diagnosed at age ≤ 50 and no family history of CRC and/or other malignancies of LS spectrum.

Group B, 40 cases with CRC diagnosed at age ≤ 50 and Amsterdam II Criteria fulfilled. Group C, 7 Rebamipide cases with CRC diagnosed at age ≤ 50 and family history of CRC, not fulfilling the Amsterdam II criteria. The median age at diagnosis of CRC was 42 years (range 20–50 years) in group A, 45 years (range 28–50 years) in group B and 39 years in group C (range 36–46 years); gender distribution (male/female) was 26/44 in group A, 19/21 in group B and 3/4 in group C (p = 0.57). 16 out of 70 patients of group A (22.9%), 21 out of 40 of group B (52.5%) and 2 out of 7 (28.6%) patients of group C had a right-sided colorectal cancer (proximal to the splenic flexure) (p = 0.006). There was no significant difference in staging at diagnosis between the three groups: an advanced stage (III, IV) was present in 38 out of 70 pts from group A (54.3%) vs 17 out of 40 patients from group B (44.7%) and 4 out of 7 from group C (57.1%) (p = 0.61).