Environmental threats to health stemming from atmospheric pollutants have been studied in diverse locations, including highways, squares, parks, and gyms. Older adults, considered delicate and vulnerable to air pollution, commonly seek refuge within these environments. This mapping review sought to analyze the state of the art concerning the effects of air pollution on older adults' health during physical activity. Extensive searching was performed across the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Cinahl databases up to June 2022. Among the 10,109 initially identified studies, a select 58 met the specifications of the inclusion criteria. The top health concern scrutinized was cardiovascular disease; respiratory problems came in second in terms of investigation. click here The focus of extensive pollution research fell upon particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3). click here Across the 75 investigated health outcomes, air pollution caused adverse health effects in 29 cases involving older adults exercising, with a particular emphasis on cardiovascular disease. Exposure to various levels of pollutants did not diminish the beneficial effects of physical activity (PA) on the mental health of older adults, as observed in 25 instances. We conclude that poor air quality significantly compromises the health of older adults engaged in physical activities, frequently leading to complications in the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Despite other potential effects, the mental health benefits from physical activity—including depression and cognitive performance—were sustained in older adults, even after exposure to pollutants, according to many research studies.

Spiritual care hinges on an understanding of a patient's spiritual experiences, acknowledging their personal assets and their unique needs. In light of this, educators and practitioners should prioritize increasing their knowledge and insight in this context. Overcoming anxieties, worries, and suffering, spiritual care promotes healing and reduces stress, ultimately encouraging patients to find inner peace. For the sake of compassionate and holistic treatment, the significance of the spiritual aspect must be acknowledged. Our objective is to formulate guidelines for spiritual care competency, applicable to palliative care training and practice, within both Portugal and Spain. The study detailed in this protocol paper will unfold in three sequential phases. During phase one, the phenomenon will be defined and broken down into two key tasks: (1) a conceptual analysis of competence in providing spiritual care; and (2) a systematic review of interventions and strategies for integrating spiritual care into palliative care education and practice. Phase II will utilize a sequential explanatory methodology, combining online surveys with qualitative interviews, to achieve a deeper understanding of how educators, practitioners, and patients/family carers perceive and experience spiritual care in palliative care education and practice, generating ideas for the next steps in the project. Phase III will adopt a multi-phased, consensus-driven methodology to identify the most significant areas of need, guided by a group of expert judges. Primary care professionals will receive a white paper, derived from the research results, offering guidelines for incorporating spiritual care competence and spirituality into their education and practice. This enhanced examination of spiritual care competence's lasting contribution will be determined by its capacity to inform the creation and implementation of customized educational and pastoral care programs. The project will cultivate an understanding of the 'spiritual care' imperative, fostering preparedness for end-of-life care in practitioners and patients/family carers, and enhancing relevant curriculum applications.

Due to the unique demands of their work, mental health professionals are particularly prone to experiencing vicarious trauma and burnout. The existing body of research demonstrates a clear interaction between empathy and burnout, and this interaction appears to be closely related to the phenomenon of vicarious trauma. However, the combined effect of vicarious trauma, empathy, and burnout on psychotherapists has received limited attention in the existing literature. This research delves into the complex relationship between psychotherapists' vicarious trauma, empathy, and the development of professional burnout.
214 mental health professionals, of whom 32 were male and 182 were female, formed the sample, working across both the public and private sectors. The study participants were administered an array of online instruments, consisting of a tailored demographic survey (age, gender, education, specialty, years of experience, years of supervision), the validated Counselor Burnout Inventory (Greek population, Kounenou et al.), the Vicarious Trauma Scale, and the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy.
Burnout displayed a positive correlation with empathy and vicarious trauma, as established through correlation analysis. Burnout was found to be significantly affected by supervision, empathy, and, to a considerably greater extent, the experience of vicarious trauma, as determined by multiple regression analysis.
In differing from prior research on burnout, this study's findings suggest that variables such as gender and work experience were not substantial predictors of burnout. A review of prospective research, accompanied by its impact on mental health practice, is provided.
Previous research on burnout has considered gender and work experience, but the findings of the current study did not support a significant role for these factors in predicting burnout. Implications for mental health professionals, alongside a number of proposed future studies, are elaborated upon in this section.

The application of virtual reality (VR) in rehabilitation therapy for treating low back pain is generating significant research interest. Yet, the degree to which such therapy diminishes pain in clinical environments is still a subject of disagreement.
In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, the current research was undertaken. We undertook a review of PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and ProQuest databases in pursuit of both published and unpublished studies. An evaluation of the quality of the selected studies was conducted using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool (version 2). The GRADEprofiler software, version 36.4, served to evaluate the level of evidence. click here The integrated research findings were subjected to analysis using RevMan software (version 54.1).
A systematic review and meta-analysis encompassed 11 articles, involving a total of 1761 study participants. Having scrutinized the quality of the conducted studies, a generally low risk of bias was noted, alongside considerable heterogeneity. The evidence presented, assessed as having moderate overall quality, suggests a small to medium impact (standardized mean difference = 0.37, with a 95% confidence interval of 0.75 to 0).
VR therapy is evidenced to be a pain-reducing treatment for patients. Although the overall quality of the studies was considered moderate, the effect size remained in the small to medium range. Rehabilitation therapy may find support in VR-based treatments' capacity to decrease pain levels.
The efficacy of VR in lessening patient pain is supported by existing research findings. Moderate quality in the studies' methodologies correlated with a small to medium effect size. VR-based treatment, which serves to decrease pain, could prove advantageous in rehabilitative therapy.

The adverse consequences of mobile applications on user fulfillment have become a subject of heightened scholarly interest. To understand the core relationship between life satisfaction and mobile app fatigue, this article develops a research model, utilizing a stressor-strain-outcome framework. This study additionally probes the links between various dimensions of network heterogeneity, emotional depletion, and mobile application tiredness among users. The study, in addition, demonstrates how upward comparisons, self-presentation strategies, and privacy invasions affect the link between life satisfaction and emotional exhaustion in the context of mobile applications. In mainland China, data was collected via a cross-sectional survey, which was subsequently analyzed using structural equation modeling. Self-presentation is positively associated with life satisfaction, according to the research findings, whereas upward comparison is negatively linked to it. Privacy infringement, combined with upward social comparisons, is positively connected to emotional exhaustion, whilst self-presentation exhibits no correlation with emotional exhaustion. Moreover, the correlation between life satisfaction and emotional depletion may be influenced by upward comparisons. The findings reveal novel connections between mobile app user life satisfaction, network heterogeneity, and their potential for influencing emotional exhaustion and mobile app fatigue, offering valuable insights for both theoretical and practical application.

Innovation in support of staff and student development, coupled with a commitment to social responsibility and community engagement, remains a critical imperative for universities. Interdisciplinary collaborations focused on complex issues have been aided by Communities of Practice, leading to renewed teaching and learning strategies in tertiary education. This study details the first year's experiences within an interdisciplinary Community of Practice, highlighting both the hurdles and successes encountered in developing novel approaches to teaching and learning about the multifaceted and gendered issue of family and domestic violence. Despite its critical role in the future careers of University graduates across various professional fields, this important social issue receives insufficient attention across many academic disciplines.