We have recently reported that vitamin D, another potent chemopre

We have recently reported that vitamin D, another potent chemopreventive agent for colon cancer, alters the ability of

macrophages to Selleck Rabusertib promote tumor growth through inhibition of the release of IL-1 from macrophages (Kaler et al, in press). Likewise, our data suggest that inhibitors of PI3K/AKT signaling, which are in preclinical and clinical trials, may also interrupt the crosstalk between the tumor cells and stroma. Our demonstration that taxotere, an inhibitor of AKT activity, hampers the ability of macrophages to induce Wnt signaling in tumor cells provides support for such a premise. Thus, it appears that commonly used chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents can prevent tumor progression by disrupting the interaction of tumor cells with the tumor Y-27632 order microenvironment, acting either

on the tumor cells themselves, or on the cells in the tumor microenvironmet. Acknowledgments We thank Dr. Anna Velcich for reading the ML323 clinical trial manuscript. Supported in part by CA 111361, U54 CA 100926 and P30-13330 from NCI. Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. References 1. Mantovani A, Sica A, Sozzani S et al (2004) The chemokine system in diverse forms of macrophage activation and polarization. Trends Immunol 25:677–686CrossRefPubMed 2. Mantovani A, Sozzani S, Locati M, Allavena P, Sica A (2002) stiripentol Macrophage polarization: tumor-associated macrophages as a paradigm for polarized M2 mononuclear phagocytes. Trends Immunol 23:549–555CrossRefPubMed 3. Pollard JW (2004)

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