Moderate to good sporulation on CYA with dull green or dark green conidia, small hyaline AZD1390 molecular weight exudate droplets, diffusible pigments absent, LXH254 reverse colour crème-brown. Moderate to good sporulation on YES, dark green conidia, reverse orange, soluble pigments absent. Colonies on MEA dark grey green, velvety, floccose in centre. No reaction with Ehrlich test. Conidiophores borne from surface hyphae, predominant symmetrically biverticillate, terverticillate occasionally present; stipes smooth, 2.5–3.5 μm in width; metulae in whorls of 4–8 (−12), \( 11 – 15 \times 2.5 – 3.5\mu \hboxm \); phialides ampulliform,
\( 7.0 – 9.2 \times 2.0 – 3.0\mu \hboxm \); conidia smooth to finely roughened, globose to subglobose, \( 2.1 – 2.6 \times 1.9 – 2.5\mu \hboxm \). Extrolites: Citrinin, quinolactacin, two anthraquinones, a compound with a chromophore like shamixanthone (“SHAMIX”) and the uncharacterized extrolite PR1-x. Diagnostic features: Metulae in verticils of 4–8 (−12), crème-brown reverse on YES without diffusible soluble pigments, production of uncharacterized metabolite PR1-x. Ecology and distribution: Soil; Florida, USA and Queensland, Australia. Notes: Penicillium hetheringtonii resembles P. citrinum in having similar growth rates on agar media and orange reverse on YES, but differs
from P. citrinum in having broader stipes and 4–8 closely appressed metulae. Superficially, P. hetheringtonii Selleckchem Trichostatin A resembles P. paxilli, though P. paxilli produces paxilline while P. hetheringtonii does not produce this compound. Penicillium hetheringtonii infrequently produces rami and might resemble P. brevicompactum (see Fig. 5h). Isolates of P. brevicompactum consistently produce rami which are more appressed, do not or grow restrictedly at 30°C and produce the extrolites brevianamide A, mycophenolic acid, pebrolides and Raistrick phenols (Samson and Frisvad 2004). Penicillium
sizovae Baghdadi, Nov. sist. Niz. Rast., 1968: 103. 1968. Type: CBS 413.69NT; other cultures ex-type are FRR 518 = IMI 140344 = VKM F-1073 Description: Colony diameter, 7 days, Inositol oxygenase in mm: CYA 28–39; CYA30°C 28–34; CYA37°C 0–4; MEA 27–35; YES 40–50; CYAS 29–40; creatine agar 15–23, poor growth, weak acid production. Good sporulation on CYA with grey green conidia, small clear exudate droplets, soluble pigments absent, reverse pale and occasionally pale crème-brown, often with concentric sulcations. Moderate to good sporulation on YES, dark green conidia, reverse pale or pale yellow-crème, soluble pigments absent. Colonies on MEA grey green, floccose. No reaction with Ehrlich test. Conidiophores from aerial hyphae and mycelium mat, symmetrically biverticillate, stipes smooth, width 2.5–3.2 μm; metulae in whorls of 2–5, \( 11 – 16 \times 2.5 – 3.2\mu \hboxm \); phialides ampulliform, \( 7.0 – 9.4 \times 2.